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March 15, 2016

What is a Lymph Node?
We have a cancer of the lymphatic system so it is important to know what that means. We will start with a basic explanation of the major component of the lymphatics, namely what exactly are our lymph nodes (sometimes called lymph glands). Normal lymph nodes are usually about 1
What about Clones and Subclones?
Detailed mathematical modeling with a deep look at the fingerprints or more precisely next generation DNA sequencing of our cancer cells suggest that our disease started with a very tiny mutant population that grew into a detectable cancer. Other minor cancerous clones may also be present from the very
What are Lymphocytes?
Lymphocytes have no granules under the microscope. There are three basic types of lymphocytes and many subtypes. The first two, NK or natural killers and T cells are different parts of our cell mediated or cellular immune response to threats from infections and cancers. Our cancer, namely CLL, always
What are Granulocytes?
Our blood stream contains several types of white blood cells or leucocytes. Most white blood cells are granulocytes, so named because they have granules that show different colors when stained to be examined under the microscope. Neutrophils (cells that like being neutral or those whose granules don’t pick up
How are they Diagnosed?
The diagnosis of SLL requires the finding of an enlarged lymph node or nodes and/or an enlarged spleen with less than 5000 B-lymphocytes per microliter of blood (the absolute lymphocyte count or ALC is <5.0). Once more than 5,000 cancerous B-lymphocytes per microliter have spilled over into the blood,
What is the Difference between Chronic and Acute?
It important to remember that CLL is a chronic cancer, in contrast to acute leukemias that are often very fast moving and aggressive. Our typically slower-growing or more indolent malignancy means we nearly always have time to learn more about our “new normal” and plan our treatment. Originally published
Where Did it Come From?
As with most cancers, it is best understood not as a foreign invader (though it may feel that way at times), but as a part of us that has mutated and produced a malignant clone. Originally published in The CLL Tribune Q3 2015
What about the Presentation of CLL?
Besides initially occurring in the marrow and the blood, CLL often presents with enlarged lymph nodes. Spreading to other organs such as the kidneys and the skin is very rare, but can occur. Originally published in The CLL Tribune Q3 2015

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